THE BIG BANG EXPLANATION

BIG BANG EXPLOSION

WHAT IS BIG BANG??

The Big Bang Theory is the leading cosmological model explanation about how the universe began. At its simplest, it talks about the universe as we know it starting with a small singularity, then inflating over the next 13.8 billion years to the cosmos that we know today.

It offers a comprehensive explanation for many theories like the abundance of light elements, the cosmic microwave background, large scale structure etc…….

This graphic shows a timeline of the universe based on the Big Bang theory and inflation models.

HISTORY OF HOW THE THEORY DEVELOPED………

Georges Lemaitre first noted in 1927 that an expanding universe could be traced back in time to an originating single point, scientists have built on his idea of cosmic expansion. While the scientific community was once divided between supporters of two different expanding universe theories, the Big Bang and the Steady State theory, empirical evidence provides strong support for the former. Later the theories proposed by Edwin Hubble and the discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation have provided with the required proofs to support BIG BANG.

The Universe's "baby picture". WMAP's map of the temperature of the microwave background

THE FIRST SECOND AFTER BIG BANG………..

In the first second after the universe began (after BIG BANG), the surrounding temperature was about 10 billion degrees Fahrenheit (5.5 billion Celsius), according to NASA. The cosmos contained a vast array of fundamental particles such as neutrons, electrons and protons. These decayed or combined as the universe got cooler.

EMERGENCE OF LIGHT…………

This early soup would have been impossible to look at, because light could not carry inside of it. "The free electrons would have caused light (photons) to scatter the way sunlight scatters from the water droplets in clouds," NASA stated. Over time, however, the free electrons met up with nuclei and created neutral atoms. This allowed light to shine through about 380,000 years after the Big Bang.

 FIRST ATOMS THAT WERE FORMED AFTER BIG BANG……..                                                                                                                                             

The first subatomic particles to be formed included protons, neutrons, and electrons. Though simple atomic nuclei formed within the first three minutes after the Big Bang, thousands of years passed before the first electrically neutral atoms formed. The majority of atoms produced by the Big Bang were hydrogen, along with helium and traces of lithium.

FORMATION OF GALAXIES AND STARS………   

After the cooling of the subatomic particles, Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity in halos of dark matter, eventually forming the stars and galaxies visible today.

MISSIONS THAT WERE DONE BY NASA TO KNOW ABOUT BIG BANG……..

Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) was one of the missions where baby pictures of the universe (40,000 years old) were taken to study the cosmic background radiations.

The second mission to study the cosmic background radiation was Wilkinson Microwave Anistoropy Probe (WMAP) where the sky was observed based on temperature differences in microwave radiations, based on which it was observed that the universe is flat in shape.

EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE……….AND THE CONCEPT OF DARK ENERGY………

The Universe was too homogeneous. How could pieces of the Universe that had never been in contact with each other have come to equilibrium at the very same temperature. A very short period immediately after the Big Bang where the Universe experienced an incredible burst of expansion called "inflation." For this inflation to have taken place, the Universe at the time of the Big Bang must have been filled with an unstable form of energy whose nature is not yet known.

It was assumed that the universe has expanded and is expanding at a very slow rate. In fact, is accelerating and something unlike the ordinary energy is pushing the galaxies apart, this unknown energy to physics is a type of dynamical fluid was termed as Dark Energy.

Despite many new technologies and research studies, scientists are still unable to find out the exact theory and explanations behind this giant in which we are living.

New questions, challenges, hurdles and limitations always keep popping onto us, let us all join together and dive into these mysterious mysteries and try discovering the undiscovered and unexpected.